{"id":4800,"date":"2016-07-05T14:04:46","date_gmt":"2016-07-05T11:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/?p=4800"},"modified":"2023-08-11T19:28:54","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T16:28:54","slug":"wood-staining-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/2016\/07\/05\/solutii-pentru-colorarea-lemnului\/","title":{"rendered":"Wood staining solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"

On the subject of coloring, I've already mentioned how to avoid it finishing defects<\/a>. I will now present the solutions for staining wood - the wood stains, as they are commonly called -<\/span>\u00a0and what you need to do to get the desired effect.<\/p>\n

\"mobile
furniture bathing
photo source: ublog.live<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Why we color wood<\/h5>\n

Staining can serve several purposes: to beautify the wood, to bring out its natural design, to mark pores, to even out its natural color, to hide defects, to protect it. These goals cannot be achieved with the same coloring material. The range of coloring products is very diverse, but I will try to tell you something about the most commonly used.<\/p>\n

At the risk of repeating myself, I'll say again that the most important stage of finishing is white grinding<\/a>. Good and correct sanding greatly reduces the risk of staining defects.<\/p>\n

Wood staining solutions<\/h5>\n

Wood staining is done with solutions of dyes or pigments<\/span> in water or organic solvents, simple or with added resins and other materials. The difference between colorants and pigments<\/span> <\/em>is the dissolution in solvent (water or organic solvents). The colorant dissolves in the solvent, the pigment does not. The colorant forms a uniform coloring solution, whereas the pigment forms a dispersion in the solvent. This means that small pigment particles float in the solvent.<\/p>\n

The solution will penetrate into the wood with the solvent and bring out the natural pattern of the wood. The dispersion will penetrate the wood less, the particles remain on the surface and produce a smoothing effect. In conclusion, if you want to bring out the pattern of the wood, use stains. Pigments are used if the aim is to make the color more uniform, which will also result in a blurring of the natural wood design.<\/p>\n

\"pigment-based
pigment-based staining solutions
photo source: edilizianews.it<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

Staining wood with pores is different from staining resinous woods<\/h5>\n

Not all wood species behave the same when colored. I said in an article about staining with P43<\/a>, that this solution is perfect for staining oak, but it stains beech very badly. The same goes for other bleaches. For example, staining solutions that mark the wood pores will be perfect for staining wood with pores (oak, ash, maple), but totally unsuitable for resinous wood (wood that has no pores). There will be a big difference between the two types of wood after staining with the same solution.<\/p>\n

Therefore, when a customer wants a certain color that he has seen on a sample of oak and wants the same thing on fir wood, he must know that he will not get the same effect, even if the color is identical. The effect will be different and the customer's perception will be that it is a different color.<\/p>\n

\"P43
P43 oak
photo source: victorinfloorfinishing.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"P43
P43 fag<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

Positive coloring of resinifera<\/h5>\n

Some coloring solutions contain resins or other additives that give them certain properties. There are stains for highlighting wood pores, for positive staining of resinous woods, for patination effect, for uniformity, etc.<\/p>\n

Softwoods are positively colored when the wood pattern is reproduced identically, i.e. the latewood darker and the earlywood lighter. With a normal wood stain, softwoods are negatively colored. The early wood, being more mellow, absorbs more and darkens, while the latewood absorbs less and remains lighter. Positive coloration is achieved by controlling the absorption by adding special resins to the wood.<\/p>\n

\"normal
normal coloring resinous
photo source: parlaredilegno.blogspot.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"positive
positive coloring<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

What are glazes<\/h5>\n

The solutions that give the patina, or ageing, effect are also called glazes. They are sprayed on and then wiped off or applied directly with a cloth. By wiping, the glaze is pushed further into the wood and brings out the design. In addition, it stays in the corners, in areas attacked by blank preparation<\/a> (holes, chain marks, tearing, etc), in areas where milling has been done, giving that skating effect.<\/p>\n

\"pore
pore marking by wiping glazes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

Specific protections for wood used in the outdoor environment<\/h5>\n

The woods are also differentiated according to their resistance to direct light. In general, interior wood staining is done with ordinary stains without resistance to direct light. If the wooden furniture or objects will be subjected to the action of light in a more intense way (primer and varnish are dried by UV radiation, objects are in a showcase or in a highly glazed space under the action of the sun for a long time, etc.), they should be stained with solutions resistant to direct light.<\/p>\n

For outdoor use, in addition to resistance to UV radiation, the solutions must also be resistant to other environmental factors (temperature, humidity, etc.) If the coloring solutions are not formulated for outdoor use, there is a risk of dye destruction, the object gradually fades and the color turns gray.<\/p>\n

\"coloring
outdoor colouring
photo source: lowes.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"sun
sun fading<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h4>\n

Solvent or water-based dye?<\/h5>\n

The effect of the baths is also influenced by the solvent. When the solutions are water soluble it all comes down to the influence of environmental factors: temperature, ventilation, humidity. These influence the drying rather than the appearance of the wood after staining.<\/p>\n

With organic solvent-based solutions things are different. The colorant is dissolved in a solvent mixture which determines the evaporation time and influences the final appearance of the color. If the solvent is quickly volatile (e.g. acetone) the colorant almost never enters the wood, but remains on the surface. Such a stain is used for leveling, over stain or primer, or for a leveling stain. If, however, the solvent mixture is highly volatile, the stain will penetrate into the wood, stain more intensely and bring out the wood's pattern and pores. Thus, by juggling the solvents, different stains can be obtained with the same colorants.<\/p>\n

If the same stain can be dissolved in both water and organic solvents (such as all-purpose stains), then the water-dilutable stain solution will better mark the wood's design and the color will be more vivid. The solvent solution will be more uniform and the color duller. Also, some wood species stain when stained with simple water-soluble stains, but do very well with solvent staining (beech is the best example).<\/p>\n

\"marking
pore marking<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"uniforming
uniformizing dyes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

The coloring is also influenced by the method of applying the stain, but that is a topic for another article. In the meantime I look forward to your experiences with wood staining.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Legat de colorare, am spus de cut\u00e2nd cum poate fi evitat\u0103 apari\u021bia defectelor de finisare. Acum voi prezenta solu\u021biile pentru colorarea lemnului – bai\u021buri, cum sunt denumite de obicei –\u00a0\u0219i ce trebuie s\u0103 face\u021bi pentru a ob\u021bine efectul dorit.   De ce color\u0103m lemnul Colorarea poate avea mai multe scopuri: \u00eenfrumuse\u021barea lemnului, scoaterea \u00een eviden\u021b\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":5157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2177],"tags":[617,618,619,620],"class_list":["post-4800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-echipamente-vopsire","tag-bait-pozitiv","tag-glaze","tag-patine","tag-solutii-de-colorare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4800"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36423,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4800\/revisions\/36423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistadinlemn.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}